Data types in Typescript
Data types in Typescript:
Syntax to declare a variable : var/let varName : datatype;
we can also assign value at the time of variable declaration.(see below examples).
We can define datatype of a variable, from below mentioned types:
Number :
// Number
let num:number;
console.log(num);// undefined
num=33;
console.log(num); //33
console.log("What if, we will try to assign any other type of value to num");
// num="sss"; // Error :Type '"sss"' is not assignable to type 'number'.
// console.log(num);
Boolean:
let isBoolean: boolean=true; // isBoolean will accept only 'true' and 'false' values.
console.log(isBoolean);
String:
all java script code is valid Typescript code so, we can also use java script way to declare a variable and it works fine.(but we should not use it) .
let str="hi";// try to avoid this way of variable declaration
//let str:string ="hello";
console.log(str); // result : "hi"
Array:
//********Array****** */
let varIntArray:number[];
varIntArray=[23,73,53,43];
console.log(varIntArray);
// another way to declare array..
let varNumArray:Array<Number>;
varNumArray=[34.44,4,22,56];
console.log(varNumArray);
//below line will generate error as varNumArray will take only numbers.
// varNumArray=[7483,"894",true];
// console.log(varNumArray);
Tuple:
//== tuple==
// it's similar to array but you can have multiple datatypes with fixed position
let myTuple:[string,number];
//initialization
myTuple=["niranjan",123];
//CASE 1: if we will try to change order of datatype , we will get error, like:
//myTuple=[23,"3432"];//error
//CASE 2: below code will not work as, I have given 3 values while myTuple will
// accept only 2
//myTuple=['niranjan',123,'str 3rd value'];//Error
//but we can use push to insert more value which can be anytype from type used
//in Tuple definition.
myTuple.push(33);
myTuple.push('3rd value with the help of push');
//myTuple.push(false);//will not acceptible as bool is not in the definition of
//Tuple.
console.log('MyTuple : '+ myTuple);
// CASE 3: we can create tuple with multiple data types.
let anotherTuple:[number,string,boolean,string,number];
//* value @ particular position should be match with tuple definition(otherwise
//you will get Error)
anotherTuple=[123,'strvalue',true,'anotherStrVal',323];
console.log(anotherTuple);
//CASE 4: tuple with same datatype
let sameDTTuple:[number,number,number,number];
sameDTTuple=[101,202,303,404]; // here we will be able to give only 4 values
//* but we can add more values via push
sameDTTuple.push(999);
console.log(sameDTTuple);
console.log(sameDTTuple.pop());// we can pop elements from Tuple.
console.log(sameDTTuple.pop());
console.log(sameDTTuple.pop());
console.log(sameDTTuple); // now sameDTTuple=[101,202];
Enum:
Any:
Void:
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